Ethic In Psychotheraphy “Easily within our reach”

Barnett, J. E. (2008) The moral act of psychotherapy: effectively inside our span. Diary of Clinical Psychology, 64(5), 569-575. The fundamental motivation behind this article is†¦ [State as precisely as conceivable the author’s reason (objective, expectation, wanted result) for composing this article] To educate psychotherapists that with all the various procedures an issues they manage that they need to consistently pass by the APA morals codes and the state laws a consistently secure your customers and yourself.The issue to be tackled is†¦ [Identify the issue or issue the writer is tending to in this article] In regular daily existence we have moral situation issues, yet when you’re in psychotherapists shoes you need to observe how you address these issue. You need to pass by the APA ethic codes and the state laws. The perspective of the writer is†¦ [Identify the author’s position or perspective in this article; who or what gathering does he rep resent?]Psychotherapists can receive to a few systems in their endeavors to rehearse morally, these incorporate positive or optimistic morals, hazard the executives, and cautious practice. (Barnett, 2007) The data the creator gives to help his position is†¦ [How do we know there is an issue? What proof is there that this difficult exists? ] The creator J.E Barnett has a few distinctive psychotherapists’ case models, for example, â€Å"Informed Consent to Psychotherapy: Protecting the Dignity and Respecting the Autonomy of Patients†; â€Å"Can You Keep a Secret? Classification in Psychotherapy† and other â€Å"Psychotherapy Termination: Clinical and Ethical Responsibilities. To show you these diverse moral quandary issues. The fundamental conclusion[s] in this article are†¦ [Identify the key ends or answers for the issue the writer gives in this article] To give a strong establishment to moral practice.And how to make an effort not to forestall these p redicaments, how to react to these sorts of quandaries and to check the ethic of codes and the laws and to ensure you and all the more significantly your customer. On the off chance that we acknowledge the author’s line of thinking, the suggestions are†¦ [What conceivable or likely outcomes does the author’s contention infer for the act of psychotherapy? ] For psychotherapists to consistently serve the eventual benefits of each psychotherapist and considerably increasingly significant , the eventual benefits of our customers. Ethic In Psychotheraphy â€Å"Easily inside our reach† Barnett, J. E. (2008) The moral act of psychotherapy: effectively inside our compass. Diary of Clinical Psychology, 64(5), 569-575. The principle motivation behind this article is†¦ [State as precisely as conceivable the author’s reason (objective, expectation, wanted result) for composing this article] To illuminate psychotherapists that with all the various procedures a predicaments they manage that they need to consistently pass by the APA morals codes and the state laws a consistently secure your customers and yourself.The issue to be tackled is†¦ [Identify the issue or issue the writer is tending to in this article] In regular daily existence we have moral situation issues, yet when you’re in psychotherapists shoes you need to observe how you address these issue. You need to pass by the APA ethic codes and the state laws. The perspective of the writer is†¦ [Identify the author’s position or perspective in this article; who or what gathering do es he represent?Psychotherapists can embrace to a few methodologies in their endeavors to rehearse morally, these incorporate positive or optimistic morals, chance administration, and protective practice. (Barnett, 2007) The data the creator gives to help his position is†¦ [How do we know there is an issue? What proof is there that this difficult exists? BusinessThe creator J.E Barnett has a few diverse psychotherapists’ case models, for example, â€Å"Informed Consent to Psychotherapy: Protecting the Dignity and Respecting the Autonomy of Patients†; â€Å"Can You Keep a Secret? Classification in Psychotherapy† and other â€Å"Psychotherapy Termination: Clinical and Ethical Responsibilities. To show you these distinctive moral problem issues. The principle conclusion[s] in this article are†¦ [Identify the key ends or answers for the issue the writer gives in this article] To give a strong establishment to moral practice.And how to do whatever it takes not to forestall these issues, how to react to these kinds of situations and to check the ethic of codes and the laws and to secure you and all the more significantly your customer. On the off chance that we acknowledge the author’s line of thinking, the suggestions are†¦ [What conceivable or plausible results does the author’s contention infer for the act of psychotherapy? ] For psychotherapists to consistently serve the eventual benefits of each psychotherapist and much progressively significant , the eventual benefits of our customers.

The Preston City Marketing Feasibility

Nearby Demographic The city of Preston is a potential market for Preston Outdoors. The present measurements on chasing and angling in Preston is speaking to the firm. The populace measurements on chasing and angling exercises gives a positive picture of a potential market. The all out populace in the town starting at 2011 was 5,230 individuals. This is a high number which exhibits that advertise in Preston is potential.Advertising We will compose a custom contextual investigation test on The Preston City Marketing Feasibility explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are around 1,743 family units with a normal of 3 individuals for every family unit. Concerning chasing and angling exercises, one should make reference to that inhabitants of Preston are mailnly associated with these two exercises. The review results acquired from 60 individuals give an away from on the level of individuals who like chasing and angling establishing a high extent of Preston’s pop ulace. Most of the populace shop in Preston 80% being neighborhood residents while the staying 20% are outsiders. This is an away from of the solid nearby market for angling and chasing in Preston. In view of this measurements, a solid enthusiasm for chasing and angling in Preston can be unmistakably illustrated (CLRsearch.com 1). Development Potential There is a high development potential in Preston which means a greater market size for open air chasing/angling store. The present market size is projetected at 1,360 families. The 2011 statistics puts the number of inhabitants in Preston at 5,230 individuals. This is a decent size which can help Preston Outdoors to accomplish its arranged goals. The quantity of individuals occupied with the leading of the overview is just 1.38%, which is little contrasted with the populace living in the town. It must be noticed that the genuine number of individuals keen on chasing and angling exercises is unquestionably greater than the anticipated figures. There is a higher development capability of Preston dependent on the general financial and social turn of events. Infrastructural improvement and good atmosphere structure the reason for an enormous number of customers in chasing and angling exercises. The quantity of outsiders is relied upon to increment from the current 20% to over 30% in the coming months. The recurrence of commitment in the angling and chasing exercises is high, implying that there is the future for the business advancement in the town. Specifically, Preston Outdoors has a high development potential because of the high number of individuals going for chasing and angling exercises. The high rate, that is, 95% of the populace is eager to purchase at Preston being an away from of high development capability of Preston Outdoors since it will draw in the neighborhood advertise (Idaho.gov 1).Advertising Looking for contextual investigation on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can suppo rt you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Customer Benefit Preston Outdoors offers three essential client benefits including area, occasional item, and bow tuning administrations. In any case, the advantageous area of Preston Outdoors will spare customers’ time since they won't need to travel significant distances. The business will profit clients through the arrangement of regular items. The business won't just offer one of a kind items for each season yet additionally offer solace to coordinate customers’ needs. Bow tuning administration will be advantageous to clients through the arrangement of increasingly helpful administrations. Promoting, better condition, occasional deals, customer’s direct, arrow based weaponry precision, administration hour, and espresso will likewise be added to customers’ benefits. By giving these advantages to clients, Preston Outdoors will stand apart as the best accomplice to the nearby clients in Preston (Nykiel 132). Works Cited CLRsearch.com. Lewiston, Idaho Demographics 2012. Web. Idaho.gov. Fish and Game 2012. Web. https://idfg.idaho.gov/Nykiel, Ronald. Handbook of Marketing Research Methodologies for Hospitality and Tourism. New York: Routldge, 2007. Print. This contextual analysis on The Preston City Marketing Feasibility was composed and presented by client Wolver-dok to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Theories of the Reasons Why We Sleep

Theories of the Reasons Why We Sleep Sleep and Dreaming Print Theories on Why We Sleep By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on January 21, 2020 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD on January 21, 2020 Cultura - Frank van Delft / Riser / Getty Images More in Psychology Sleep and Dreaming Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Repair and Restoration Evolutionary Theory Information Consolidation Clean-Up Theory View All Back To Top Sleep has been the subject of speculation and thought since the time of the early Greek philosophers, but only recently have researchers discovered ways to study sleep in a systematic and objective way. The introduction of new technology such as the electroencephalograph (EEG) has allowed scientists to look at and measure electrical patterns and activity produced by the sleeping brain. While we can now investigate sleep and related phenomena, not all researchers agree on exactly why we sleep. Sleeping patterns tend to follow a fairly predictable schedule and experts agree that sleep plays an essential role in health and wellness.  A number of different theories have been proposed to explain the necessity of sleep as well as the functions and purposes of sleep. The following are three of the major theories that have emerged.   Repair and Restoration Theory of Sleep According to the repair and restoration theory of sleep, sleeping is essential for revitalizing and restoring the physiological processes that keep the body and mind healthy and properly functioning.?? This theory suggests that NREM sleep is important for restoring physiological functions, while REM sleep is essential in restoring mental functions. Support for this theory is provided by 2011 research that shows periods of REM sleep increase following periods of sleep deprivation and strenuous physical activity.?? During sleep, the body also increases its rate of cell division and protein synthesis, further suggesting that repair and restoration occur during sleeping periods. Dreams and the REM Stage of Sleep In 2013 researchers have uncovered new evidence supporting the repair and restoration theory, discovering that sleep allows the brain to perform housekeeping duties.?? In the October 2013 issue of the journal Science, researchers published the results of a study indicating that the brain utilizes sleep to flush out waste toxins. This waste removal system, they suggest, is one of the major reasons why we sleep. Its important to realize, however, this study was done on mice and not humans.?? The restorative function of sleep may be a consequence of the enhanced removal of potentially neurotoxic waste products that accumulate in the awake central nervous system, the studys authors explained.?? Earlier research had uncovered the glymphatic system, which carries waste materials out of the brain. According to one of the studys authors, Dr. Maiken Nedergaard, the brains limited resources force it to choose between two different functional states: awake and alert or asleep and cleaning up. They also suggest that problems with cleaning out this brain waste might play a role in a number of brain disorders such as Alzheimers disease.?? Evolutionary Theory of Sleep Evolutionary theory, also known as the adaptive theory of sleep, suggests that periods of activity and inactivity evolved as a means of conserving energy. According to this theory, all species have adapted to sleep during periods of time when wakefulness would be the most hazardous.??   Support for this theory comes from the comparative research of different animal species. Animals that have few natural predators, such as bears and lions, often sleep between 12 to 15 hours each day. On the other hand, animals that have many natural predators have only short periods of sleep, usually getting no more than 4 or 5 hours of sleep each day.?? Information Consolidation Theory of Sleep The information consolidation theory of sleep is based on cognitive research and suggests that people sleep in order to process information that has been acquired during the day. In addition to processing information from the day prior, this theory also argues that sleep allows the brain to prepare for the day to come.?? Some 2012 research also suggests that sleep helps cement the things we have learned during the day into long-term memory. Support for this idea stems from a number of sleep deprivation studies demonstrating that a lack of sleep has a serious impact on the ability to recall and remember information.?? The Clean-Up Theory of Sleep Another major theory suggests that sleep allows the brain to clean itself up. The October 2013 mouse study found that the brain cleans itself of toxins and waste produced during the day while asleep. Brain cells produce waste products during their normal activities. As we sleep, fluid flow through the brain increases. This acts as something of a waste disposal system, cleansing out the brain of these waste products.??   A Word From Verywell While there are research and evidence to support each of these theories of sleep, there is still no clear-cut support for any one theory. It is also possible that each of these theories can be used to explain why we sleep. Sleeping impacts many physiological processes, so it is very possible that sleep occurs for many reasons and purposes. In all likelihood, sleep serves a number of different physiological and psychological purposes including cleaning up brain toxins and consolidating information into memory. 7 Breathing Exercises for Better Sleep

How Divorce Is Affected Much More Significantly Than Those...

I am writing you because of a serious problem I see in our society. This problem has gotten out of hand with close to fifty percent of all marriages ending in divorce and it is affecting every aspect of our culture including churches such as your own. It is often seen as an easy choice with few consequences when in reality it is having devastating effects. Divorce is the problem of which I speak. Not only is it directly affecting those involved by wreaking havoc on their lives but it is also tearing down society as we know it. The statistics are abundantly clear, children who come out of broken homes are negatively affected much more significantly than those from two parent families. Dr. Patrick F. Fagan, Director of the Marriage and Religion Research Institute, and Robert Rector, Senior Research Fellow in Domestic Policy Studies at The Heritage Foundation, wrote an article that describes some of these negative affects. According to these experts, children of divorced parents exhibit more behavioral, health, and emotional problems, are involved more frequently in drug abuse, and have higher rates of suicide. They perform more poorly in reading, spelling, and math, and have higher school drop-our rates and lower rates of college graduation. Society, in turn, is greatly impacted because children that come out of divorced families are a huge part of the next generation. Society is in a downward spiral from generation to generation because of divorce. To begin to solve thisShow MoreRelatedDivorce And Its Effect On Children998 Words   |  4 PagesDivorce has become very popular in the United States. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, on average 50% of marriages result in a failed marriage. This percentage has been at it’s all time high. Not many couples have sustained a successful marriage in present days. Divorces have been around for a long time, and unfortunately kids have always been affected the most according to their age. As a result of divorce, there are many children that have to go through this situation at a very young ageRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Teens And Adolescence946 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Divorce on Teens and Adolescence. Every year, thousands of American children suffer through their parent’s divorce. Divorce hurts everyone involved, but most of the damage falls to the children to bear and can even put their lives at risk. Even though divorce has been shown to help some individuals in a miniscule amount of individual cases, over the large scale of available cases it causes a decrease in the individuals’ quality of life. The changes and effects can scale anywhere from theirRead MoreIf I Was In A Rocky Marriage, Would I Stay In The Marriage1372 Words   |  6 Pagesmarriage for the sake of my children or would I get a divorce? Divorce isn’t ideal for anyone. No one wants to think that the person they vowed to forever love and always be with through thick and thin would ever want, let alone consider a divorce. No one wants this! But in certain situations, what would you consider is the best option, especially if the kids were involved? Divorcing is probably the toughest decision fo r any marriage. The parents have to consider the positive and negative effects thatRead MoreHow School And Education Affects The Lives Of African American Males And Females1650 Words   |  7 Pagesand education happens to be one of the main things affected in the lives of both African American males and females living in single parent households. Parents tend to become less involved in the childs academics and social activities in school from the stress of being a single parent and having so much responsibility on them. It seemingly gets worse by the time the child reaches high school. One survey asked high school students whether their parents helped them with their school work and supervisedRead MoreDivorce And Its Effect On Marriage Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is characterized as the legitimate end of a marriage, yet in its genuine sense, there is significantly more to it than simply the end of a relationship. These days numerous relational unions end in separation, and shockingly the vast majority of them end at their initial stages. This is a vital study in sociological research today as alongside separation rates going up, individuals level of strain and faltering about marriage is likewise expanding. At the present time, the general publicRead MoreDivorce Where Children Are Involved Essay1561 Words   |  7 PagesDivorce has become a major part of our society and affects many people every year. In some instances of divorce, families have been torn apart leaving children stuck in the middle of conflict. This is where children start lashing out at their parents and everyone around them and it is because they are hurt and out of their comfort zone. One cannot forget about the children that divorce affects in a negative way. However, this is not always the case. There are children of divorce that get throughRead MoreWhy Parents Should Not Leave After The Divorce Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pages Divorce is an ill-emotional experience that changes the lives of both parents and their children (Chavez, 2010). The relationship between parents is really important to the children as it makes them feel more confident. Mostly we see these things changing when the parents separated due to the custodial parent as children become more confused in their lives. It also leaves the parents affected. The literature covering this issue suggests that these disturbing events affect parents’ emotional, psychologicalRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Their Parents Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is a life-transforming event that is caused by and lead to a variety of different conditions. Above all else, divorce has a huge influence on children and their parents, respectively. For parents who are getting divorced, it is crucially important to keep an eye on kids’ mental conditions and behavior – for children found themselves lost in such â€Å"unfamiliar † situation (Raynish, 2007). It has been researched by American Psychological Association (2016) that the divorce rate significantlyRead MoreChildren Coping With Parent s Dissolution975 Words   |  4 PagesChildren coping with parent’s dissolution have more problem adjusting to life events: â€Å"Research on interparental conflict and child adjustment† has shown that parental conflicts that are overt, intense, and child related are more strongly associated with child maladjustment than conflicts that are less evident (covert), intense, and not child related† (Davies Cummings, 2006; Grych Fincham, 1990). In a long term consequence, there are chances that they, when growing up, do not believe in marriageRead MoreFinance : The Five Highest Caused Of Divorce994 Words   |  4 PagesFinance was one of the five highest caused of divorce. A survey that was conducted by The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), sponsored by the Bureau of Labor Statistics was nationally representat ive of 12,686 individuals. They first started to hand out survey in 1979 when the respondents were between the ages of fourteen and twenty-two, until 1994 and surveyed every year since then (Britt, Sonya, and Sandra). This survey asked the respondents on relationship satisfaction based on

The Characteristics of Essay Samples on Films

The Characteristics of Essay Samples on Films If you would like to go to NYU, you better have a great reason behind it. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service offered by fully qualified academics in your area of study. This is but among the top areas to meet essentially the most exciting folks in New York. Critical essay is a type of academic writing. Movie Review Essay may also be found online. Writing a critical essay gives us the opportunity to have a look at things from a different viewpoint. In the event that you were requested to compose a crucial essay about The Canterbury Tales, be sure you are conversant with the material. If you wish to make movies that force people to think about the consequences of racism or sexism, then sound off! Another manner of confronting stereotypes is by showing that while a specific sort of behavior may exist in some of the group, it's not systemic. It's managed to persist for a couple reasons, but the actual determinant is the importance put on learning English. The significance of this hidden agenda of the filmmakers is they aspire to attain some reaction from the audience and to possess the viewers reexamine a number of the values and traditions. If you'll write a comparative essay, you want to get a notion of the impacts of distinct a spects to the result which you can get at the conclusion of the writing activity. The major idea of all of the criticism is to give an opinion both of positive or negative implication. Give a brief review of the critical things you have discussed. Examine both these views and provide your own opinion. A crucial essay is intended to be informative, meaning that all claims ought to be backed up by a credible evidence instead of simply stated because it strikes the author's fancy. It's also critical that you check the credibility of your sources. Numerous alternative logical structures for essays are visualized as diagrams, making them simple to implement or adapt in the building of an argument. Emphasize only a couple of key points so that you can concentrate on it. The Good, the Bad and Essay Samples on Films The movie has a superb script, stunning characters, and all-natural dialogue. Watching movies is my favourite pastime. It's tough to place a great deal of films within a category. Because of this plenty of films have several genres. Reflect somewhat on the movie genre, perhaps mentioning a couple of classical movies of the very same kind and comparing them to the one which you're analyzing. Don't worry you'll upset someone. The most significant thing is to select the ideal genre. Everyone has their favourite genre, favorite movie that's generally characterize an individual. The 5-Minute Rule for Essay Samples on Films A type of excellent sample essay is usually focused on an excellent grade. If you chance to be thinking about including a theater space, a consideration will most likely be space. The next step is via the grit clarifier where small solids that have passed the very first step are taken out of the waste water. It might relieve tension and help the blood method of growing oxygen and nutrients for the tissues. The Argument About Essay Samples on Films Appropriate management can provide you with many numerous years of healthy. You might believe that this is a really long process only for deve loping the ideas you will present. You want to get familiar with the primary elements of cinematic structure and receive a better comprehension of the movie industry. There are lots of genres. Additional Entertainment Value is part of a programme whose aim is to entertain or draw the audience's interest. Topics about movies include discussion of the historical facet of its creation, the information regarding the producer, actors, place, and other facets. Cinema is among the most charming visual mediums that have captured the interest of the audience, from several parts of the planet. When planning on your house cinema, you would like to make sure. Inside my opinion, the regional governments should help enhance the standard of domestic films by supplying subsidies and other kinds of financial help. For instance, Iranian movies are well-known for their social messages and Hollywood films are famed for their usage of latest technologies. Some people today say that now we can observe films on our phones or tablets there's no need to visit the cinema. Since you can see in the graph below, the typical time spent is around 110 hours each year.

Court Issues Free Essays

The criminal justice system has changed tremendously over the decades and so has society. It is important that the court system make changes to keep up with the times. There are parts of the court system that need to be identified to have these changes occur. We will write a custom essay sample on Court Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of these areas is the way courts are managed including their problems and resolutions. A new trend that has emerged is victims’ rights. Victims can now intervene in the cases before sentencing. In the future, courts could lose cases to arbitration and mediation also known as the private sector of the courts. Understanding these changes and issues are important so that the courts can correspond with the trends as they occur. The courts are an important piece of the justice system. In order to meet the domains of the criminal justice system the courts evolve with the new processes and trends as they happen. Below the paragraphs will analyze and explore future management issues dealing with technological innovations and how the new technology is impacting the courts. Along with how victims’ rights are impacting the courts. One of the main issues that the courts are facing in the future is the possible division between the private law sector and the courts. The technological innovations also impacts the courts staff and judges. Current and future trends facing the courts and administrators One of the issues facing the court system today is judges are not able to see many cases because of their administrative role. Judges spend the majority of their time â€Å"papering budgets, scheduling cases, supervising employees, and maintaining court records† (Robinson, 2009, pg. 208, para 5). The courthouse employee’s work together getting cases dispensed as quickly as possible. Some of these cases are dismissed before even being seen because of how many cases there are. Many of the minor cases are plea bargained so that the more serious cases can be seen. In doing this the judges and the courts have more time to spend on the very serious cases such as murder cases. The court system has to make adjustments due to the many cases that they have coming through the courts and they would never caught up because of the fact that there are many people having run in with the law enforcement. Another problem that courts are facing today is the imbalance of power. In the courtroom today the prosecutors have more power because there are the ones that decide if there is going to be charges filed against someone. This means that if the prosecutor does not prosecute a case the judge and defense attorney will have no say in the outcome of that case. One former United States Attorney General has stated â€Å"the prosecutor has more control over life, liberty, and reputation than any other person in America† (Robinson, 2009, pg. 209, para 4). The power that the judges have has been reduced because of the changes in sentencing and rules. The mandatory sentencing laws has given prosecutors the increase power of prosecution control over cases and how they are disposed of. With the power that prosecutors have the justice system is being threatened. If the law was still equal the defense attorney would have the resources they need to help the defendant. The defense attorneys have heavy caseloads because they work for the government and their resources are limited that they can access. Issues and trends regarding language interpretation services Throughout the United States individuals rely on the court system to solve issues and controversies in their lives. Language barriers between an individual and the courts cause the process to get delayed because it causes communication and understanding problems. When a witness is on the stand testifying that speaks a different language that interpreters need to understand what the witness is saying so they can communicate their true meaning of their statement. The United States accepts many different immigrants and the way of communicating. One of the fundamental rights that the United States has is to recognize the important reason why immigrants come to the United States, â€Å"in our country’s belief in equal justice for all, but to have equal justice, every victim, every witness must understand what is happening in the courtroom† (Board of Directors, 2007, pg. 3, para 2). With the increasing population of immigrants that do not speak English is making it harder to accommodate for people because the courts have to make sure that the interpreter fully understands the language and can translate what the witness is saying. New York courts employ approximately 300 full and part time court interpreters, and 1,200 interpreters on the per diem bases, to provide services in over 100 languages† (Board of Directors, 2007, pg. 4, para 2). The multi-faceted type of communication makes it harder for interpreters in the courtrooms because of the words meaning different things in the different cultures in the Un ited States. An interpreter of the courts also needs to understand legal terminology and procedures of the cultural content that impacts all individuals involved in the case. Interpreters will succeed in their jobs if they can convey what the speaker is meaning to say without altering the expression or tone of the speaker. There are three types of interpreting, which are; consecutive, simultaneous, and sight. Consecutive interpreting is when the interpreter waits for a group of words to be spoken before they interpret what was said. Simultaneous is when the interpreter listens and interprets in a different language at the same time. The last is sight and this is when interpreters read one language and translates it aloud in another. Language interpretation services is a permanent component in the criminal justice system so that the constitutional rights requirements are meet for all individuals. Courts are now required to appoint an interpreter when defendants and witnesses do not speak English in a case. Impact that victim rights laws have on court proceedings (past, present, future) Thirty years ago, victims’ rights did not exist. The victims were not notified about the courts processing or if the case was dropped and the defendant was released. Today, every state has an extensive body of basic rights and protections for victims within its statutory code† (Office for Victims of Crime, 2013). Activists discussed amending the Constitution of the United States to recognize victims’ rights statutes in the criminal justice proceedings. It was not until 1982 that a President’s Task Force on victims of crime suggested for the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution to be amended so that victims are included in the judicial proceedings. California was the first state to adopt the constitutional amendment in 1982 and by the end of the 21 century 49 states passed the victims’ Bill of Rights and this gave victims benefits and options in their case. Two presidents supported the amendment of the constitution at the end of the 21st century. The amendment gave victims the right to receive information, protection, and restitution from the offender. This also gave the victim the right to express their views on sentencing, bail, and parole. Victims’ rights has come a long way sense the early 1970’s and will continue to change as it needs too. There are several issues facing the courts and courts administrators system today. The analysis above discussed these issues and give information to support the findings. The information of future management issues and trends regarding language interpretation was discussed in the analysis. The past, present, and future impact of victims’ rights laws on the court proceeding were discussed in detail. How to cite Court Issues, Papers

Lockout/Tagout Essays - Occupational Safety And Health,

Lockout/Tagout It is a hot day in the middle of July, and there is a brother and sister impatiently waiting while their mother finishes packing for their trip to Disneyworld. This is their father's last day to work before his vacation starts. Their father is an air conditioning technician, and this morning he was called out to a movie theater to work on an air conditioning unit. This particular unit is located on the roof of the theater. It had been raining the day before; on the roof around the unit water is standing where he is going to have to work. In checking the unit out, he finds electrical problems that require him to shut the power off to the unit. He looks for the disconnect at the unit. Not finding one, he discovers that the only way to shut the power off is a breaker located downstairs inside the projection booth. He turns the breaker off and goes back on the roof to repair the unit. He does not know that someone has also connected one of the projectors to the same breaker. While he is working on the unit, the projectionist comes in and finds out that one of the projectors will not work, so he checks the breaker and finds it in the off position. He does not know that the air conditioning unit is also on that breaker. The projectionist turns the breaker on and at the same time, the technician working on the unit is standing in the water with his hands on the wiring. The electricity flows and electrocutes the technician, killing him. If this unit had been properly Lockedout/Taggedout, the brother and sister would be enjoying Disneyworld with their father. Instead, they are attending his funeral. Lockout/Tagout is essential in the workplace because it prevents unneeded shutdowns, saves money, and prevents loss of limb and life. Lockout/Tagout is essential in the workplace because it prevents unneeded shutdowns. These shutdowns are primarily the result of improper Lockout/Tagout procedures. In Lockout/Tagout: A Matter of Control, Susannah Zak Figura explains that in 1996 OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) reported that Lockout/Tagout was the third most frequently cited standard and that the average number of days lost from work was twenty-four per incident (27-9). In some cases, a portion of the building or factory could be destroyed by fire and cause the business to shutdown longer than was originally anticipated. According to Tommy Gilbreath, Associate Professor at The University of Texas at Tyler, There is nothing more unproductive than an injured worker (Personal interview). Often these companies wait until an accident occurs to implement the proper Lockout/Tagout procedures. Companies that have proper Lockout/Tagout programs in place have fewer accidents, lost work time, and fewer shut downs than companies that do not. Safety is no accident explains Frank C. De Felice, author of Electrical Construction and Maintenance (48). According to Occupational Hazards, AK Steel, a company with a bad safety record, hired a former OSHA compliance officer as vice president of safety and health to help the company comply with OSHA's rules. Since 1993, AK Steel, the nation's seventh largest steelmaker, has had a flash fire that killed one and injured two and an explosion that injured fourteen (Federal OSHA targets AK Steel for Fines and Further Inspections 25). OSHA issued more than 6,000 citations in 1996 alone for the violation of the Lockout/Tagout standard. Lockout/Tagout is a common sense approach to safety. Yet, many companies do not implement it until an accident injures or kills someone. Then it is a little late. Some companies have had Lockout/Tagout procedures in place long before the OSHA standard went into effect in 1990; because the policies were not written down, so metimes crucial steps were left undone (Figura 27-9). Performing Lockout/Tagout properly prevents losses arising from failure to control hazardous energy. Figura notes that in 1994 a 3,700-pound table broke loose from temporary slings and crushed a worker killing him. Because of this accident, OSHA cited the company for failure to control hazardous energy, i.e. gravity, and fined it $2.1 million. Under the Lockout/Tagout rule, hazardous energy must be isolated and rendered inoperative before work can begin. Not having the proper procedures in

Tim OBrien essays

Tim OBrien essays The terms fear and courage played a major role in the life experience of Tim O'Brien. Like most other young males who just graduated college, in 1968 after graduating from Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota, he sought different opportunities in hopes of becoming independent and gaining a career. Before these hopes of opportunity are realized, however, he receives notice that he has been drafted to the Vietnam War. He acknowledges the tragedies that may occur in war, and fears for his life. Generally courage is a way of overcoming fear. However, in O'Brien's supreme perspective, he reveals his extreme fear of courage. He finds himself in a "moral emergency" where he must analyze his perception of courage in order to make such a critical decision (901). After his analysis, he felt that as much as he feared loosing his life in war, he couldnt reveal that reason for not wanting to go to war to avoid any type of humiliation. He doubted his life if he pursued on with the process of war and therefore made excuses for himself to stay out. Because O'Brien didn't accept the challenge to follow his heart, he took the easy way out and went to war. His lack of courage forced him to live under the circumstance of not believing in him and theyre of continuing by facing the results of his fear of war. O'Brien compared his thoughts of fear and courage and believed that he had the potential to be full of courage, but does not realize the effort he must contribute. He doesnt realize that becoming independent is process he must go through in order to make a difference and solve his problems. He doesnt want to attend war because he fears it, what in the world can he do? Many can answer what they could do but OBrien was in doubt of what he could do for himself in order to be out of such of a dilemma. He writes "Courage, I seemed to think, comes to us in finite quantities, like an inheritance, and by being fru...

Battle of Wauhatchie in the Civil War

Battle of Wauhatchie in the Civil War fBattle of Wauhatchie - Conflict Dates: The Battle of Wauhatchie was fought October 28-29, 1863, during the American Civil War (1861-1865).   Armies Commanders: Union Major General Joseph HookerBrigadier General John W. Geary3 divisions Confederate Lieutenant General James Longstreet1 division Battle of Wauhatchie - Background: Following the defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga, the Army of the Cumberland retreated north to Chattanooga.  There Major General William S. Rosecrans and his command were besieged by General Braxton Braggs Army of Tennessee.  With the situation deteriorating, the Union XI and XII Corps were detached from the Army of the Potomac in Virginia and sent west under the leadership of Major General Joseph Hooker.  In addition, Major General Ulysses S. Grant received orders to come east from Vicksburg with part of his army and assume command over all Union troops around Chattanooga.  Overseeing the newly-created Military Division of the Mississippi, Grant relieved Rosecrans and replaced him with Major General George H. Thomas.   Battle of Wauhatchie - Cracker Line: Assessing the situation, Grant implemented a plan devised by Brigadier General William F. Baldy Smith for reopening a supply line to Chattanooga.  Dubbed the Cracker Line, this called for Union supply boats to land cargo at Kelleys Ferry on the Tennessee River.  It would then move east to Wauhatchie Station and up Lookout Valley to Browns Ferry.  From there goods would re-cross the river and move over Moccasin Point to Chattanooga.  To secure this route, Smith would establish a bridgehead at Browns Ferry while Hooker moved overland from Bridgeport to the west (Map).   Though Bragg was unaware of the Union plan, he directed Lieutenant General James Longstreet, whose men held the Confederate left, to occupy Lookout Valley.  This directive was ignored by Longstreet whose men remained on Lookout Mountain to the east.  Before dawn on October 27, Smith successfully secured Browns Ferry with two brigades led by Brigadier Generals William B. Hazen and John B. Turchin.  Alerted to their arrival, Colonel William B. Oates of the 15th Alabama attempted a counterattack but was unable to dislodge the Union troops.  Advancing with three divisions from his command, Hooker reached Lookout Valley on October 28.  Their arrival surprised Bragg and Longstreet who were having a conference on Lookout Mountain.  Ã‚   Battle of Wauhatchie - The Confederate Plan: Reaching Wauhatchie Station on the Nashville Chattanooga Railroad, Hooker detached Brigadier General John W. Gearys division and proceeded north to encamp at Browns Ferry.  Due to a shortage of rolling stock, Gearys division had been reduced by a brigade and was only supported by the four guns of Knaps Battery (Battery E, Pennsylvania Light Artillery).  Recognizing the threat posed by Union forces in the valley, Bragg directed Longstreet to attack.  After assessing the Hookers deployments, Longstreet determined to move against Gearys isolated force at Wauhatchie.  To accomplish this, he ordered Brigadier General Micah Jenkins division to strike after dark.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moving out, Jenkins sent the brigades of Brigadier Generals Evander Law and Jerome Robertson to occupy high ground south of Browns Ferry.  This force was tasked with preventing Hooker from marching south to aid Geary.  To the south, Brigadier General Henry Bennings brigade of Georgians was directed to hold a bridge over Lookout Creek and act as a reserve force.  For the assault against the Union position at Wauhatchie, Jenkins assigned Colonel John Brattons brigade of South Carolinians.  At Wauhatchie, Geary, concerned about being isolated, posted Knaps Battery on a small knoll and ordered his men to sleep with their weapons at hand.  The 29th Pennsylvania from Colonel George Cobhams brigade provided pickets for the entire division. Battle of Wauhatchie - First Contact: Around 10:30 PM, the lead elements of Brattons brigade engaged the Union pickets.  Approaching Wauhatchie, Bratton ordered the Palmetto Sharpshooters to move east of the railroad embankment in an attempt to flank Gearys line.  The 2nd, 1st, and 5th South Carolinas extended the Confederate line west of the tracks.  These movements took time in the darkness and it was not until 12:30 AM that Bratton commenced his assault.  Slowing the enemy, the pickets from the 29th Pennsylvania bought Geary time to form his lines.  While the 149th and 78th New Yorks from Brigadier General George S. Greenes brigade took a position along the railroad embankment facing east, Cobhams remaining two regiments, the 111th and 109th Pennsylvanias, extended the line west from the tracks (Map).  Ã‚   Battle of Wauhatchie - Fighting in the Dark: Attacking, the 2nd South Carolina quickly sustained heavy losses from both the Union infantry and Knaps Battery.  Hampered by the darkness, both sides were often reduced firing at the muzzle flashes of the enemy.  Finding some success on the right, Bratton attempted to slip the 5th South Carolina around Gearys flank.  This movement was blocked by the arrival of Colonel David Irelands 137th New York.  While pushing this regiment forward, Greene fell wounded when a bullet shattered his jaw.  As a result, Ireland assumed command of the brigade.  Seeking to press his attack against the Union center, Bratton slid the battered 2nd South Carolina to the left and threw forward the 6th South Carolina.   In addition, Colonel Martin Garys Hampton Legion was ordered to the far Confederate right.  This caused the 137th New York to refuse its left to prevent being flanked.  Support for the New Yorkers soon arrived as the 29th Pennsylvania, having re-formed from picket duty, took a position on their left.  As the infantry adjusted to each Confederate thrust, Knaps Battery took heavy casualties.  As the battle progressed both battery commander Captain Charles Atwell and Lieutenant Edward Geary, the generals eldest son, fell dead.  Hearing the fighting to the south, Hooker mobilized the XI Corps divisions of Brigadier Generals Adolph von Steinwehr and Carl Schurz.  Moving out, Colonel Orland Smiths brigade from von Steinwehrs division soon came under fire from Law.   Veering east, Smith began a series of assaults on Law and Robertson.  Drawing in Union troops, this engagement saw the Confederates hold their position on the heights.  Having repulsed Smith several times, Law received erroneous intelligence and ordered both brigades to withdraw.  As they departed, Smiths men attacked again and overran their position.  At Wauhatchie, Gearys men were running low on ammunition as Bratton prepared another assault.  Before this moved forward, Bratton received word that Law had withdrawn and that Union reinforcements were approaching.  Unable to maintain his position in these circumstances, he repositioned the 6th South Carolina and Palmetto Sharpshooters to cover his withdraw and began retreating from the field. Battle of Wauhatchie - Aftermath:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the fighting at the Battle of Wauhatchie, Union forces sustained 78 killed, 327 wounded, and 15 missing while Confederate losses numbered 34 killed, 305 wounded, and 69 missing.  One of the few Civil War battles fought entirely at night, the engagement saw the Confederates fail to close the Cracker Line to Chattanooga.  Over the coming days, supplies began to flow to the Army of the Cumberland.  Following the battle, a rumor circulated that Union mules had been stampeded during the battle leading the enemy to believe that they were being attacked by cavalry and ultimately their causing their retreat.  Though a stampede may have occurred, it was not the cause of the Confederate withdrawal.  Over the next month, Union strength grew and in late November Grant commenced the Battle of Chattanooga which drove Bragg from the area. Selected Sources Civil War Trust: Battle of WauhatchieCWSAC Battle Summaries: Battle WauhatchieHistory of War: Battle of Wauhatchie

Pricing Strategy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pricing Strategy - Research Paper Example For instance, market strategy development, which entails market analysis, segmentation, positioning and targeting. Two, making market mix choices entails brand definition, distribution of the brands and brand promotion tactics. Three, demand carve estimation, which entails understanding how quantity required differs from the price. Four, pricing strategy can be determined by calculating the cost, which entails including the variable and fixed costs related with the goods, (Takano, Ishii & Muraki, 2041). The goods cost of a unit is set at a reduced coat that a company might charge and this indicates the margin profit at increased costs. Five, setting objectives of pricing such as maximization of profit, maximization of revenue or stabilization of prices is another way. These pricing strategy steps are interconnected and serve as starting point in pricing strategy creation. Product pricing should consider the legal and competitive condition that the business operates. In competitive pe rspective, the firm should consider its pricing impacts on the competitor’s decisions of pricing; for instance, setting low prices may threaten the price competition, which may not be in favor of any party, while setting high prices encourage increased competitor numbers who have interests in profit sharing. From a legal perspective, a company has no freedom to price its brands at its chose level, for instance, there are price limitations that restrict high product pricing too, (Taylor, & Prestoungrange, 2009). Similarly, low pricing may be seen as predatory or dumping pricing in international trade cases. Proving different prices of diverse clients may infringe laws against discrimination pricing and collusion with rivals to set prices at a consensual degree is illegal in various nations. What drives pricing strategy? Pricing choices affects the product demand in the market, the competitors pricing strategy, the company profitability and the purchasing decision of the custom er like brand product. Determining products pricing may be difficult but yet very crucial for business. Whereas there is no standard way of pricing strategy determination there are various factors that drive ones decision to pricing strategy, MCB University Press, 2003). For instance, the cost, all the hidden costs of the products such as invoice, insurance and taxes drives the pricing strategy because the cost of production must be lower than the selling cost. Second, profit – for instance, the pricing strategy is driven by the amount of money the firm intents to make from above the production cost. The cost factor is another drive, for instance, to make a profit, a company must charge high prices on the products to offset their production cost and marketing costs of the products. The average unit cost must consider both fixed costs such as rent and variable costs such as raw materials cost that changes with production volume. Thirdly, market demand is another driver because demand is the indicator of how clients will purchase a good or a service at certain cost. While the reduced costs attract more customers, the price effect over a prolonged period depends on elasticity. The buyers’ sensitivity on a certain products increases its price. If a company’s products are in higher demand, the company charges higher prices

Compare and Contrast Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Compare and Contrast Paper - Essay Example Thus, as the name implies, current asserts can be consumed during the current period or they can be converted into cash within a short period of time. A good example of a current asset is a bar of soap in the shop or a bottle of cooking oil. These can be used within the current period or they can be converted into cash when they are bought by a buyer. 2. Any assets whose use is restricted for purposes other than the current operations must be excluded from current assets (Glautior & Underdown, 2001). Assets are classified as noncurrent assets if they are not expected to be converted into cash or consumed during one year of their operating cycle. The operating life cycle of the noncurrent assets is usually very long and it can exceed a period of ten years. In some instances, the noncurrent assets are intangible and they include investments and special purpose funds. These funds cannot be withdrawn or used within a short period but can only be used after proper plans have been put into place. Long term investments are regarded as noncurrent assets as this money will be meant for long term plans and may not be immediately withdrawn even in case of emergence. Noncurrent assets also include property, plant and equipment used in the firm. This equipment cannot be readily disposed given that it is in everyday use to manufacture goods and products that can be sold to generate cash. This equipment can only be disposed if it has past its expected life span but not for quick cash like current assets. 3. The main difference between current assets and noncurrent assets is that current assets can be in form of cash or other assets which can be easily converted into cash. On the other hand, noncurrent assets include investment and special purpose funds and these cannot be readily used like the current assets. Most current assets are tangible and they can be converted into cash easily. On the other hand, noncurrent assets are big assets which include equipment or machinery as well as other property which cannot be converted into cash over a very short period. In some instances, noncurrent assets are intangible which makes them different from the current assets. Another major notable difference between current assets and noncurrent assets is that their operating cycles are different. The operating cycle of a current asset is relatively shorter and it does not exceed a period of one year while that of a current asset is very long. The operating cycle of a noncurrent asset is more than 10 years long which makes it different from the current asset. For instance, operating cycle of a wine distillery which is a noncurrent asset may extend 10 years while that of a grocery shop may be no more than just a several days. 4. Order of liquidity can be loosely defined as the order upon which the items in the balance shit are listed depending on their liquidity (Chasteen, Flaherty & O’connor, 1998). As the name implies, order is concerned with chronological orga nisation of items in their descending order while liquidity is concerned with establishing the readiness upon which cash can be disposed. Something that is liquid is readily used such as cash which can be taken straight away from the pocket to purchase something. In this order, the current assets will come after cash or other payments as these can be

Mechanism Of Action Of Warfarin Biology Essay

Mechanism Of Action Of Warfarin Biology Essay Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that is used to prevent thrombosis (clots) and embolism in many disorders. Warfarin activity has to be monitored by frequent blood testing for the International Normalized Ratio (INR). Warfarin is a synthetic derivative of coumarin, a chemical found naturally in many plants it decreases blood coagulation by interfering with vitamin K metabolism. Mechanism of Action of Warfarin Warfarin is vitamin K antagonist that produce its anticoagulant effect by interfering with the cyclic interconversion of vitamin K and its 2,3 epoxide (vitamin K epoxide). Vitamin K is a cofactor for the posttranslational carboxylation of glutamate residues to ÃŽÂ ³-carboxyglutamates on the N-terminal regions of vitamin K-dependent proteins (Whitlon, et al., 1978; Fasco, et al., 1982) .123456 These coagulation factors (factors II, VII, IX, and X) require ÃŽÂ ³-carboxylation for their biological activity. Coumarins produce their anticoagulant effect by inhibiting the vitamin K conversion cycle, thereby causing hepatic production of partially carboxylated and decarboxylated proteins with reduced procoagulant activity.78 In addition to their anticoagulant effect, the vitamin K antagonists inhibit carboxylation of the regulatory anticoagulant proteins C and S and therefore have the potential to exert a procoagulant effect. In the presence of calcium ions, carboxylation causes a conformational change in coagulation proteins91011 that promotes binding to cofactors on phospholipid surfaces. The carboxylation reaction requires the reduced form of vitamin K (vitamin KH2), molecular oxygen, and carbon dioxide, and is linked to the oxidation of vitamin KH2 to vitamin K epoxide. Vitamin K epoxide is then recycled to vitamin KH2 through two reductase steps. The first, which is sensitive to vitamin K antagonists,123 reduces vitamin K epoxide to vitamin K1 (the natural food form of vitamin K1), while the second, which is relatively insensitive to vitamin K antagonists, reduces vitamin K1 to vitamin KH2. Treatment with vitamin K antagonists leads to the depletion of vitamin KH2, thereby limiting the ÃŽÂ ³-carboxylation of the vitamin K-dependent coagulant proteins. The effect of coumarins can be counteracted by vitamin K1 (either ingested in food or administered therapeutically) because the second reductase ste p is relatively insensitive to vitamin K antagonists (Fig 1). Patients treated with a large dose of vitamin K1 can also become warfarin resistant for up to a week because vitamin K1 accumulates in the liver and is available to the coumarin-insensitive reductase. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Warfarin Warfarin is a racemic mixture of two optically active isomers, the R and S forms in roughly equal proportion. It has high bioavailability,1920 is rapidly absorbed from the GI tract, and reaches maximal blood concentrations in healthy volunteers in 90 min after oral administration.1921 Racemic warfarin has a half-life of 36 to 42 h, circulates bound to plasma proteins (mainly albumin), and accumulates in the liver where the two isomers are metabolically transformed by different pathways.22 The dose-response relationship of warfarin is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including a recently identified common mutation in the gene coding for one of the common cytochrome P450 enzymes (2C9), the hepatic enzyme responsible for oxidative metabolism of the warfarin S-isomer.2324 This mutation likely contributes to the variability in dose response to warfarin among healthy subjects.25 In addition to known and unknown genetic factors, various disease states, drugs, and dietary fac tors can interfere with the response to warfarin. The anticoagulant response to warfarin is influenced by pharmacokinetic factors, including drug interactions that affect the absorption or metabolic clearance of warfarin, and pharmacodynamic factors that alter the hemostatic response to given concentrations of the drug. Variability in anticoagulant response also occurs as a result of inaccuracies in laboratory testing, patient noncompliance, and miscommunication between patient and physician. Other drugs may influence the pharmacokinetics of warfarin by reducing GI absorption or by disrupting its metabolic clearance. For example, the anticoagulant effect of warfarin is reduced by cholestyramine, which impairs its absorption, and is potentiated by drugs that inhibit warfarin clearance through stereoselective or nonselective pathways.252627 Stereoselective interactions affect oxidative metabolism of either the S-isoner or R-isomer of warfarin.2627 Inhibition of S-warfarin metabolism is more important clinically because this isomer is five times more potent as a vitamin K antagonist than the R-isomer.2627 Clearance of S-isomer warfarin is inhibited by phenylbutazone,2829 sulfinpyrazone,30 metronidazole,31 and trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole,32 each of which potentiates the effect of warfarin on the prothrombin time (PT). In contrast, drugs such as cimetidine and omeprazole that inhibit clearance of the R-isomer have only moderate potentiating effects on the PT in patients treated with warfarin.272833 Amiodarone inhibits the metabolic clearance of both the S-isomer and R-isomer and potentiates the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.34 The anticoagulant effect is inhibited by barbiturates,32 rifampicin,34 and carbamazepine,32 which increase its metabolic clearance by inducing hepatic mixed oxidase activity. Although long-term alcohol use has a potential to increase the clearance of warfarin through a similar mechanism, consumption of even relatively large amounts of wine was shown in one study29 to have little influen ce on PT in subjects treated with warfarin. For a more thorough discussion of the effect of enzyme induction on warfarin therapy, the reader is referred to a critical review (Table 2 ).35 The pharmacodynamics of warfarin are subject to genetic and environmental variability. Hereditary resistance to warfarin occurs in rats36 as well as in human beings.3738 Patients with genetic warfarin resistance require doses fivefold to 20-fold higher than average to achieve an anticoagulant effect. This disorder is attributed to altered affinity of the receptor for warfarin since the plasma warfarin levels required to achieve an anticoagulant effect are increased. Two mis-sense mutations in the factor IX propeptide have been described394041 that cause bleeding without excessive prolongation of PT. When affected individuals are treated with coumarin drugs, factor IX activity decreases to about 1 to 3%, while levels of other vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors decrease to 30 to 40% of normal. These mutations are uncommon and have been estimated to occur in Subjects receiving long-term warfarin therapy are sensitive to fluctuating levels of dietary vitamin K,4243 which is provided predominantly by phylloquinone in plant material.43 The phylloquinone content of a wide range of foodstuffs has been listed by Sadowski and associates.44 Phylloquinone acts through the warfarin-insensitive reductase reaction.45 Important fluctuations in vitamin K intake occur in both apparently healthy and sick subjects.46 Increased intake of dietary vitamin K sufficient to reduce the anticoagulant response to warfarin42 occurs in patients on weight-reduction diets consuming green vegetables or receiving vitamin K-containing supplements, and in patients treated with IV supplements containing vitamin K. Reduced dietary vitamin K1 intake potentiates the effect of warfarin in sick patients treated with antibiotics and IV fluids without vitamin K supplementation and in states of fat malabsorption. Hepatic dysfunction potentiates the response to warfarin through im paired synthesis of coagulation factors. Hypermetabolic states produced by fever or hyperthyroidism increase warfarin responsiveness, probably by increasing the catabolism of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors.4748 Drugs may influence the pharmacodynamics of warfarin by inhibiting synthesis or increasing clearance of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors or by interfering with other pathways of hemostasis (Table 3 ). The anticoagulant effect of warfarin is augmented by the second-generation and third-generation cephalosporins, which inhibit the cyclic interconversion of vitamin K,4950 by thyroxine, which increases the metabolism of coagulation factors,48 and by clofibrate, through an unknown mechanism.51 Doses5253 of salicylates > 1.5 g/d also augment the anticoagulant effect of warfarin,54 possibly because these drugs have warfarin-like activity. Acetaminophen has also been reported to augment the anticoagulant effect of warfarin,52 although this contention has been challeng ed (see below). Although heparin potentiates the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, in therapeutic doses, it produces only slight prolongation of the PT. Drugs such as aspirin,55 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,56 high doses of penicillins,5758 and moxolactam50 increase the risk of warfarin-associated bleeding by inhibiting platelet function. Of these, aspirin is the most important because of its widespread use and prolonged effect.59 Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can also produce gastric erosions that increase the risk of upper-GI bleeding.58 The risk of clinically important bleeding is heightened when high doses of aspirin are taken in combination with high-intensity warfarin therapy (INR, 3.0 to 4.5).5560 In two studies, one study61 in patients with prosthetic heart valves and the other study62 in asymptomatic individuals at high risk of coronary artery disease, low doses of aspirin (100 mg/d and 75 mg/d, respectively) were also associated with increased rates of minor bleeding when combined with moderate-intensity and low-intensity warfarin anticoagulation. The mechanisms by which erythromycin63 and some anabolic steroids64 potentiate the anticoagulant effect of warfarin are unknown. Sulfonamides and several broad-spectrum antibiotic compounds may augment the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by eliminating bacterial flora and aggravating vitamin K deficiency in patients whose diet is deficient of vitamin K.65 Wells and associates66 performed a critical analysis of articles reporting possible interaction between drugs or foods and warfarin. Studies were assigned to one category if the interaction was considered highly probable, to a second category if interaction was probable, to a third level if judged possible, and to a fourth level if doubtful. Of 751 citations retrieved, pertinent results from 172 original articles are summarized in Table 3. Strong evidence of interaction was found for 39 of the 81 different drugs and foods appraised; 17 potentiate warfarin effect, 10 inhibit, and 12 produce no effect. Many other drugs have been reported to either interact with oral anticoagulants or alter the PT response to warfarin,6768 but convincing evidence of a causal association is lacking. In a case-control study,52 low to moderate doses of acetaminophen (nine or more tablets per week) were reported to be associated with excessively prolonged INR values. The presence of a causal association bet ween acetaminophen use and potentiation of a warfarin effect is uncertain. The article52 was supported by an editorial,53 but has been challenged by personal experiences (case series) cited in two letters6970 and by the results of a prospective study71 in normal volunteers. However, until more information is presented, it would be prudent to monitor the INR more frequently when acetaminophen is used in this quantity by patients during warfarin therapy. Indeed, it would be reasonable to monitor the PT more frequently when any drug therapy is added or withdrawn from the regimen of a patient treated with an oral anticoagulant. DRUG INTERACTIONS: Your doctor or pharmacist may already be aware of any possible drug interactions and may be monitoring you for them. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any drug, vitamin, or herbal product without checking with your doctor or pharmacist first.Warfarin interacts with many prescription, nonprescription, vitamin, and herbal products. This includes medications that are applied to the skin or inside the vagina or rectum. The following interactions listed do not contain all possible drug interactions. The interactions with warfarin usually result in an increase or decrease in the blood-thinning (anticoagulant) effect. Your doctor or other health care professional should closely monitor you to prevent serious bleeding or clotting problems. While taking warfarin, it is very important to tell your doctor or pharmacist of any changes in medications, vitamins, or herbal products that you are taking.This drug should not be used with the following medications because v ery serious interactions may occur: imatinib, mifepristone.If you are currently using any of these medications listed above, tell your doctor or pharmacist before starting warfarin.Aspirin and aspirin-like drugs (salicylates) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib) may have effects similar to warfarin. These drugs may increase the risk of bleeding problems if taken during treatment with warfarin. Carefully check all prescription/nonprescription product labels (including drugs applied to the skin such as pain-relieving creams) since the products may contain NSAIDs or salicylates. Talk to your doctor about using a different medication (such as acetaminophen) to treat pain/fever. Low-dose aspirin and related drugs (such as clopidogrel, ticlopidine) should be continued if prescribed by your doctor for specific medical reasons such as heart attack or stroke prevention. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details.Many herbal medicati ons have blood-thinning or blood-clotting effects, and some may directly affect warfarin. Tell your doctor before taking any herbal products, especially bromelains, coenzyme Q10, cranberry, danshen, dong quai, fenugreek, garlic, ginkgo biloba, ginseng, goldenseal, and St. Johns wort, among others.This medication may interfere with a certain laboratory test to measure theophylline levels, possibly causing false test results. Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.This document does not contain all possible interactions. Therefore, before using this product, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the products you use. Keep a list of all your medications with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist

Characteristic of an Effective Teacher Essay

1. A ‘Calling’ for the profession This is supposed to be the most important. And this is what is causing me the most headache at the moment. To accept the fact that someone might be doing this job as a job for the perks and the advantages without a real commitment is a real hindrance in achieving my aim of helping teachers become better professionals. How do you train teachers to develop a calling for the profession? Is this something I can possibly aim at? 2. Professional knowledge I tend to feel that a lot of what is considered professional knowledge is in easy-to-assess tests, like TKT or CELTA. Does he know the different kinds of assessments, and the present perfect? Yes, great, then he’s good. Professional knowledge is a matter of pride among teachers. Local teachers make a lot of effort to speak better English and expect ‘native teachers’ to explain random weird ideas they learnt 30-40 years before. I personally attribute little importance to this aspect. Long gone are the days when a clever teacher taught a stupid child about the big-big world. 3. Personal qualities Yeah, yeah. Here we go again: the teacher as the frustrated (failed) actor, the clown, the village idiot†¦ Well actually no, I think there are much more important personal qualities we tend to ignore these days and we shouldn’t: honesty, emotions, intelligence, reliability, enthusiasm, curiosity. These are all characteristics we use to define effective learners, but the more these qualities are shared by their teachers, the more likely it is that they get what they want. It’s always going to be more entertaining to watch Friends, or whatever it is teenagers watch these days, than to attend an English class. So, why compete? Establishing an efficient and mutually beneficial working environment is much more helpful I believe†¦. 4. With-it-ness (McEwan, E K 2002. How to survive and strive in the first three weeks of school) This is an exciting addition to the list. The essential skill of being able to envisage possible classroom and curriculum events. Planning with an awareness of the objectives and the conditions. This is definitely an acquired skill that you can get better with every new year, school and group. This is why every employer should be wary of teachers who do a year or so and then move on regularly. They will not have this understanding of their actions within the bigger picture. It’s arguable of course how important this is, but if we see education – especially public schools – as a continuum with precise expectations, it is important to have teachers who understand them. This is especially true if we want to liberate teachers from prescribed teaching materials and expect them to develop customised tasks for their students. 5. Instructional Effectiveness To be an effective teacher you have to teach well. Hard to argue. The interesting thing about this is that this demands again a very high level of flexibility and a wide range of expertise from the teacher, since something that may be a piece of cake with one group of students can prove to be an absolute nightmare with another. Even if I planned the same lesson for two different groups, they could and they should never be the same. So, this is again a hunch, not more. This seems to work with this group so let’s go with it, but heaven forbid I would try it with the other group. 6. Good communicator Well, this is pretty obvious, and necessary not only with students, but with teachers, managers and parents. Communication is not always direct, which is difficult. Other teachers and management hear about you from students and parents. It’s all a vicious circle, and to communicate your message well in all directions is a bit of a juggling act. 7. Street smart Know about who you teach. This is sometimes perceived as the great advantage of having local teachers or teachers who come from the same-similar context. While I admit that this has its advantages, I think it has just as many disadvantages. There is a false sense of mutuality between the local teachers and students against the foreign teacher in the school. All those dismissive nods from the colleagues and students are the same, really. Sometimes blowing up a little bit of a bomb with a completely innocent face can be very helpful. I’ll never forget the conversation I had with my students about respecting women and giving them rights and me doing the cooking and the washing up. I loved it. In many situations you are expected to be the foreigner. Embracing your foreignness is one way of being successful. You are not expected to be one of them. Why try? Clearly, you don’t want to be rude or hurt anyone but there are several stages between the extremes. Don’t do any thing that would offend you if it was the other way round but don’t expect them to eat the goulash as you serve it, what’s more, they can even be allowed not to like goulash. 8. Willing to go the extra mile This is closely linked to the first one. If you follow a calling, you will go the extra mile. Otherwise you won’t. There is no way of making someone do more than what they are paid to. 9. Lifelong learner The excitement of Amazon delivering yet another book about ELT, Russell Tarr recommending another mindboggingly good link. A conference near you, a conference on the web, all the tweets from last night. If you are still excited about any of these things, we’re talking about you. If you watch a movie and 2 minutes into the film you start thinking about how you could use this in class, this is about you. Most teachers start forgetting what they learn when they start their education, and will have forgotten why they are standing in front of a class by the time they have finished. They are the life-long forgetters. Heaven save students from them. This is not about the ‘best method’ the ‘best book’ ’the greatest author’, ‘the best publisher’, it’s about you and where you are in the wonderful process of your professional development 10 Life outside the classroom Your life outside the classroom is the bread and butter you bring to your students and re-contextalise to feed their learning appetite.

Can This Marriage Be Saved - 804 Words

Can This Marriage Be Saved - Answers You Need to Hear By Catherine R King | Submitted On February 22, 2014 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Catherine R King Divorce happens, this we know. About half of all marriages will end because of irreconcilable differences, and that is a well known statistic that we dread. Sometimes it may feel hopeless, as you try to ignore your suspicions but only face one disappointment after another. Maybe it seems as if your partner is unwilling to work with you. It feels like you re battling the inevitable. Can this marriage be saved is certainly the resounding thought in your mind. How It Used to Work Back in the Old Days You want things the way they used to be, that is quite understandable. Like most of us, you probably heard your parents or grandparents say, Till death do us part. Back in the day, people tried harder to stay together. Today social norms have changed; there are more divorces in the modern age than there ever were in previous decades. It s not a question of can this marriage be saved; anything could be forced to work. It s should it be saved? Relationships that involve physical violence or emotionalShow MoreRelatedThe Moral View Of Homosexuality1708 Words   |  7 Pagesin existence. This argument has been viewed by philological experts and people all over the world for centuries and it continues to be a major argument today. The moral view of homosexuality has many arguments, but the arguments that are going to be mentioned are the normative ethics argument, the argument on why the moral law is true when it comes to homosexuality, and why homosexuality should be viewed immoral in today’s world. The normative ethics argument against gay marriage states how oneRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be A Hot Button Issue?944 Words   |  4 PagesGay marriage has been and is continuing to be a hot-button issue in America for some time now in which both sides have strong and passionate support. To say the least hysteria and outrage has ensued leading to discrimination against a whole community of people. Questions like â€Å"Is homosexuality genetically caused or is it by choice?† have been one of the main debating points. Everyone has an opinion on this question but few valid scientific answers have been provided but this could start to changeRead MoreA Critique of Eric Bartels My Problem with Her Anger Essay912 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish W131 Mrs. Dunn 18 October 2012 A Critique of Eric Bartel’s â€Å"My Problem with Her Anger† When most people get married, they go into the marriage with the expectations and hopes that everything will go as planned, that they will always get along, and that the responsibilities will be evenly divided between both spouses. And for two working spouses who have children, they share the expectation that no one parent will be more of a caretaker than the other. Eric Bartels, a feature writerRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Marriage as Portrayed in Merchants Prologue and Tale1193 Words   |  5 PagesMarriage as Portrayed in The Merchants Prologue and Tale  Ã‚   The story of Januaries marriage to May and her subsequent infidelity with Damyan allows for not only Chaucers view of marriage to come through, but also includes the opinions of contemporary writers. Chaucer allows his views to be made known as the narrator and his views could also be said to infiltrate the speeches of the Merchant. Justinus and Placebos views are also accounted for as the fictional characters also air their opinionsRead More The Effect of Pride and Prejudice on Darcy and Elizabeths Relationship1366 Words   |  6 Pagescalled The Bennetts. This is one of the main families in the book. The whole novel is almost based around this family. In this family there is, Mr Mrs Bennett, Jane, Elizabeth, Mary, Lydia, and Kitty. There are five daughters. Mrs Bennett is very determined to get her daughters married to someone with a lot of money. An entail is to limit the inheritance of property or estate to a specified succession of heirs. A good marriage is very important for everyone. This is because the personRead MoreEvolution Of Male Dominance Throughout A Doll s House1416 Words   |  6 Pages the audience is guided through a dictatorship masked by the word â€Å"marriage†. The setting of the play is in Norway, where the Helmer family lives together in a patriarchal society around the late 1870’s. Nora and Torvald Helmer appear to be a delightful couple. However, as the novel progresses, it is easily seen that there are major problems in their marriage. Torvald’s male dominance slowly diminishes in his superficial marriage to Nora and he soon gains knowledge over a touchy implication.Torvald’sRead MorePortrayal Of Women : A Closer Look At Sleeping Beauty1527 Words   |  7 Pageswitches and ogress usually perish in the end whereas, beautiful, patient and good maidens are saved by charming princes who marry them and live happily ever after. This paper will analyze the French author, Charles Perrault’s fairytale version of â€Å"Sleeping beauty in the woods† to determine the feminine roles as portrayed by the heroines. Perrault’s fairytale version of â€Å"Sleeping beauty† To summarize this tale, Perrault tells the story of a king and his wife who were blessed with a very beautiful girlRead MoreAnalysis Of The Affordable Care Act1331 Words   |  6 Pagesunder the Obamacare program now risk losing access to birth control benefits due to the Trump administration draft rule which now allows basically any employer to file a religious exemption from the mandate. This is the first step at dismantling the Affordable Care Act mandate that has saved Americans citizens billions of dollars on health-care and stripping away womens rights to seek to reproductive health care. Robert Pear in his article, â€Å"Draft Rule Makes It Far Easier to Deny Coverage for BirthRead More The Character of Torvald Helmer and Nils Krogstad in A Dolls House1498 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve this unless he had some suspicion of her past influence? A further hint comes when Helmer remarks: I pretend were secretly in love--engaged in secret--and that no one dreams that theres anythi ng between us. Why does he want that? Is this not a reference to the conflict of interest regarding her father? Lastly, after reading Krogstads letter, almost immediately Noras father comes to mind; he exclaims, So this is what I get for condoning his fault! I did it for your sake, and this is howRead More Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House Essay1067 Words   |  5 Pages Marriage is a forever commitment between two individuals to love one another but marriages dont always have the fairytale happy ending. In Henrik Ibsens play A Doll House, Nora and Torvald Helmer learn some things about their marriage that they had not realized before. Nora Helmer discovers Torvald, herself, her marriage, as well as her own identity as a woman. Nora Helmer, the wife of Torvald Helmer, throughout the whole play has been keeping a secret from her husband. A few years

Essay about Critical Thinking - 769 Words

Critical Thinking Application Critical thinking is the art of thinking in a manner that is critical. This means that prior to making a decision one must be informed about possible repercussions and/or outcomes, this is particularly true in the case of both employers and an employees. A decision maker must be willing to â€Å"choose how to respond to opportunities and problems on the basis of a simplified and approximate account of the situation† (George Jones, 2005, pg 475), while a stakeholder (in this case an employee) must be willing and able to complete any task that is put before him or her. The stakeholder must also make an informed decision based on their personal code of ethics. Based on that belief it becomes evident†¦show more content†¦We use reCon in a three tiered, interconnected manner: maintaing an in-depth contact index, for keeping track of what is going on in properties in our market, and as an invoice and voucher system. Each of these is referenced and used by all members of the organization, to an extent. CBRE has determined that due to possible turnover in employees all contact information is the property of CBRE. This has been met with a lot of trepidation as brokers rely on their contacts for their paychecks. Importance Benefit At CBRE we have found that many of the brokers who continually call into the office to request phone numbers from the administrative staff have not been maintaining their contacts within the reCon system, instead maintaining them in personal rolodex within their offices. This means that busy admin staff must rummage through brokers personal spaces in order to give the information to brokers. It is understandable why the contacts index is infrequently updated, as brokers work on a commission basis and need to maintain the integrity of their proprietary relationships with Owners and Tenants. Due to reCon’s need to have contact information for each lease, sale or consultation in the system in order for us to be paid on a deal, Brokers are findingShow MoreRelatedCritical Thinking And Critical Thinking753 Words   |  4 Pagesaway from the normal. We begin the critical thought process of thinking outside the box. Critical thinking is the process of evaluating your decisions, providing positive or negative feedback, and researching conclusions. At the point when used correctly, it reduces the issue of complacency in how we carry on with everyday activities. Critical thinking in a personal business decision Before I started my business as being a mobile deejay, I had to make critical decisions on the type of events, sortRead MoreCritical Thinking1715 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿KENYATTA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL: HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM DEPARTMENT: TOURISM UNIT CODE: UCU 103 UNIT TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO CREATIVE AND CRITICAL THINKING GROUP MEMBERS NAMES: REG.NO. CONTACTS SIGN GEOFFREY A.G T12S/8705/2013 0728812037 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. PETER WAMBUI T12S/19590/2013 0726581625 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ROSE WACHIRA T12S/21534/2013 0717236599 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... NASSIUMA PURITY T12S/21394/2013 0702057789 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... RADHI OLANG’O T12S/19632/2013 0704290026 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHEMUTAI DAISY T12S/19632/2013 0702645207Read MoreCritical Thinking2910 Words   |  12 Pagescreate the correct and fast solution to solve our problems. One of the ways is to think critically. Thinking is a good process but thinking alone will not help us to develop our minds. That is when critical thinking may take place. Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally. It includes the ability to engage in reflective and independent thinking. Using critical thinking one makes a decision or solves the problem of judging what to believe or what to do. It helps us to buildRead MoreCritical Thinking1324 Words   |  6 Pagespaper explores critical thinking skills and teaching them in an educational setting. Teaching critical thinking is highly debatable. Many feel as though it is not a necessary skill that needs to be learned and others feel as though it is not a skill that can be taught. In this paper I will discuss what critical thinking is and ways it can be taught in an educational setting. Teaching Critical Thinking Skills in Schools For many years critical thinking has been an importantRead MoreCritical Thinking3288 Words   |  14 PagesCritical Thinkers and Education A Teachers Goal Bia Mcgrue Scypion EDU372: Educational Psychology Prof. Jimletta Vareene-Thomas 2/20/2016 Critical Thinkers and Education A Teachers Goal Throughout life we are challenged and we encounter an abundance of issues or problems that we need to solve. Some problems that can be resolved effortlessly and efficiently but other obstacles may require a more critical and creative thinking to overcome. When it comes down to thinking to solve problemsRead MoreCritical Thinking975 Words   |  4 Pageseliminated to strengthen the authors argument?†¨.†¨You can also support your assignment using the critical thinking concepts from previous chapters with points on evidence, confirmation bias, the authors communication and research skills, manipulation of language, use of reason, emotion, open-mindedness vs. narrowmindedness, the three-tier model of thinking, resistance and barriers to critical thinking, etc.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Assignment Expectations: Your assignment should be a minimum of 500 words (this does notRead MoreCritical Thinking . Critical Thinking Is A Major Component862 Words   |  4 Pages Critical Thinking Critical thinking is a major component of the nursing process. Critical thinking is define as, â€Å"that mode of thinking—about any subject, content, or problem—in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinking by skillfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards upon them† (Paul and Eder, 2012). Nurses who critically think about their patients have a better chance of solving the patient’s problems quickly and successfullyRead MoreCritical Analysis On Critical Thinking1311 Words   |  6 Pages Critical Self Reflection Essay Critical thinking has been defined as the ability to be a disciplined thinker by using clear, rational, open-minded, and informed by evidence. Critical thinking is a skill that takes years of practice to master. In this essay I will reflect on my personal stage of critical thinking and what strengths and weaknesses I currently have. This personal reflection will include what challenges I will face to advance my critical thinking skills and what requirements a criticalRead MoreCritical Thinking : A Critical Thinker1230 Words   |  5 PagesCritical thinking is the process of analyzing certain problematic phenomena or ideas, along with its complex dynamics, in order to theorize healthier and more productive solutions. Critical thinking juxtaposes its noun form by describing the critical thinker, in which society is constantly and heedlessly creating. This is the direct result of the systematic nourishment of societal prejudices, misogyny, and inequality, which only contrives devastati ng and life changing events in its victims livesRead MoreCritical Note On Critical Thinking1137 Words   |  5 PagesKristen Hofner Final Assignment on Critical Thinking The key variable in determining the quality of what I learn in college is due to my thinking. My professors have played a role in my learning, with some of them helping me learn more than others, but even the best professors will be very little help to me if I’m deficient in the critical intellectual skills essential for learning. Over the semester I have seen significant improvement in my time management skills and reasoning and writing skills